Published 2022
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9/16/2022
87 FR 57068
Implementation of Additional Sanctions Against Russia and Belarus Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and Refinements to Existing Controls, effective September 15, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) ongoing aggression against Ukraine, the Department of Commerce is expanding the existing sanctions against Russia and Belarus by imposing new export controls, including expanding the scope of the Russian industry sector sanctions to add lower-level items potentially useful for Russia’s chemical and biological weapons production capabilities and items needed for advanced production and development capabilities to enable advanced manufacturing across a number of industries. This rule also adds Belarus to the scope of industry sector sanctions that currently apply solely to Russia. With respect to end users, this rule expands the ‘military end user’ and ‘military-intelligence end user’ controls and applies the Russian/Belarusian-Military End User Foreign Direct Product (FDP) rule to ten existing entries for six existing entities that have continued to supply Russian entities on the Entity List or are under sanction since Russia’s further invasion of Ukraine. Labeling these six entities as Russian ‘military end users’ and applying the Russia/Belarus-Military End User FDP rule to them will degrade Russia’s war efforts in Ukraine, as these entities produce items needed by the Russian and Belarussian military and industrial sectors. Correspondingly, this rule clarifies requirements related to Burma, Cambodia, the People’s Republic of China, and Venezuela). Finally, this rule refines existing controls on Russia and Belarus by adding additional dollar value exclusion thresholds for ‘luxury goods;’ and makes twelve corrections and clarifications to existing controls on Russia and Belarus. The Department of Commerce is taking these actions to clarify and enhance the effectiveness of U.S. controls and to better align its controls on both Russia and Belarus with those implemented by U.S. allies.
9/13/2022
87 FR 55930
Request for Comments Concerning the Imposition of Section 1758 Technology Export Controls on Instruments for the Automated Chemical Synthesis of Peptides
This advance notice of proposed rulemaking (ANPRM) requests feedback from the public and U.S. industry concerning certain instruments for the automated synthesis of peptides (automated peptide synthesizers) that have been identified by BIS for evaluation according to the criteria in Section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (ECRA) pertaining to emerging and foundational technologies. BIS welcomes comments on this ANPRM that would address, but not necessarily be limited to, the current state of the development of these synthesizers, their availability and predominate applications, the availability of custom peptide synthesis services, near-term developments in peptide synthesis technology, the impact that Section 1758 export controls on these synthesizers would have on U.S. technological leadership in this field, and the effectiveness of such controls in limiting the proliferation of this technology abroad. Comments must be received by BIS no later than October 28, 2022.
9/09/2022
87 FR 55930
RIN 0694-AI06
Authorization of Certain “Items” to Entities on the Entity List in the Context of Specific Standards Activities
In this interim final rule, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) amends the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to authorize the release of specified items subject to the EAR without a license when that release occurs in the context of a “standards-related activity,” as defined in this rule. BIS is revising the terms used in the EAR to describe the actions permissible under the authorization rather than defining the organizations to which it applies. The scope of the authorization is revised to include certain “technology” as well as “software” and applies to all entities listed on BIS’s Entity List. This authorization only overcomes licensing requirements imposed as a result of an entity’s inclusion on the Entity List; other EAR licensing requirements, including additional end-use or end-user based licensing requirements may continue to apply. BIS is making these revisions to ensure that export controls and associated compliance concerns as they relate to the Entity List do not impede the leadership and participation of U.S. companies in national and international standards-related activities.
8/24/2022
87 FR 51876
Additions of Entities to the Entity List
The Department of Commerce is amending the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding seven entities under seven entries to the Entity List. These entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destination of the People’s Republic of China (China). This final rule also corrects typographical errors in two existing entries on the Entity List.
8/15/2022
10/14/2022, delayed effective date for 3D006 ECAD software specially for GAAFET
Implementation of Certain 2021 Wassenaar Arrangement Decisions on Four Section 1758 Technologies
Interim final rule, with request for comments, revises the Commerce Control List, as well as corresponding parts of the EAR, to implement controls on four technologies that meet the criteria of Section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act (ECRA) pertaining to emerging and foundational technologies. These changes reflect certain controls decided by governments participating in the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies (WA) at the December 2021 WA Plenary meeting. These technologies are two substrates of ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors (Gallium Oxide (Ga2O3) and diamond), Electronic Computer Aided Design (ECAD) software specially designed for the development of integrated circuits with any Gate-All-Around Field-Effect Transistor (GAAFET) structure, and pressure gain combustion (PGC) technology for the production and development of gas turbine engine components or systems.
9/14/2022 Public Comments are due for 3D006 ECAD software specially designed for GAAFET.
87 FR 38920
Addition of Entities, Revision and Correction of Entries, and Removal of Entities from the Entity List, effective June 28, 2022
In this rule, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) amends the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding 36 entities under 41 entries to the Entity List. These 36 entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. These entities will be listed on the Entity List under the destinations of the People’s Republic of China (China), Lithuania, Pakistan, the Russian Federation (Russia), Singapore, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the United Kingdom, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam. Some entities are added under multiple entries, accounting for the difference in the total number of entities and entries in this rule. This rule also revises eleven existing entries under the destinations of Belarus, China, Russia, and Slovakia and corrects one existing entry on the Entity List under the destination of Pakistan. Lastly, this rule removes two entities and one address for a non-listed entity, consisting of one removal of an entity and one removal of an address under the destination of China, and one removal under the destination of Pakistan. The removals from the Entity List are made in connection with requests for removal that BIS received pursuant to the EAR and a review of the information provided in those requests.
87 FR 34154
Additions of Entities to the Entity List
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, the Department of Commerce is amending the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding 71 entities under 71 entries to the Entity List. These entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the national security interests or foreign policy of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destinations of Belarus and Russia.
87 FR 34131
Export Administration Regulations: Revisions to Russia and Belarus Sanctions and Related Provisions; Other Revisions, Corrections, and Clarification
Between February and May 2022, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) has published a series of amendments to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) that have increasingly tightened export controls on the Russian Federation (Russia) and Belarus in response to Russia’s further invasion of Ukraine, as substantially enabled by Belarus. This rule revises, corrects, and clarifies certain provisions of the EAR that pertain to these controls and related provisions. First, this rule makes certain revisions to the EAR’s military end use and military end user controls as they apply to Russia and Belarus, as well as related modifications to the entries for entities on the Entity List that are Russian and Belarusian military end users. Second, it revises restrictions that apply to items destined for certain regions in Ukraine by clarifying the categories of license applications that BIS subjects to case-by-case review. Third, this rule clarifies and corrects provisions of the EAR that pertain to luxury goods destined for Russia and Belarus and items for use in Russia’s oil refinery sector. Fourth, it makes a technical correction to an EAR provision describing items and activities subject to the EAR by adding a cross-reference to the Foreign Direct Product Rules of the EAR, which were updated shortly before the Russia and Belarus export controls were imposed. Finally, with regard to export control enforcement, including enforcement of the Russia and Belarus controls, this rule revises the EAR to allow export enforcement case charging letters to be made available to the public prior to the final administrative disposition of such cases
87 FR 32983
Adoption of Congressional Notification Requirement for Certain Semiautomatic Firearms Exports Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), This rule is effective July 18, 2022.
In this final rule, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is amending the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to add a new section to the EAR to adopt a congressional notification requirement for certain license applications of semiautomatic firearms meeting certain value and destination requirements. This rule does not change the interagency license process for these firearms or how license applicants currently structure or generally apply for BIS licenses.
87 FR 31948
Information Security Controls: Cybersecurity Items
BIS is finalizing changes to License Exception ACE and corresponding changes in the definition section of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) in response to public comments to an October 21, 2021 interim rule. That rule established a new control on certain cybersecurity items for National Security (NS) and Anti-terrorism (AT) reasons, as well as adding a new License Exception Authorized Cybersecurity Exports (ACE) that authorizes exports of these items to most destinations except in certain circumstances. These items warrant controls because these tools could be used for surveillance, espionage, or other actions that disrupt, deny or degrade the network or devices on it. This rule also corrects Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) 5D001 in the Commerce Control List.
87 FR 31195
Commerce Control List: Controls on Certain Marine Toxins
This rule requests public comments on proposed amendments to the EAR that would add four marine toxins (i.e., brevetoxin, gonyautoxin, nodularin and palytoxin) to Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) 1C351 on the Commerce Control List (CCL). BIS has identified the synthesis and collection of these toxins for evaluation according to the criteria in Section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (ECRA) pertaining to emerging and foundational technologies. In addition, this rule proposes to make conforming changes to ECCN 1C991 (Vaccines, immunotoxins, medical products, diagnostic and food testing kits), § 740.20—License Exception Strategic Trade Authorization (STA), and § 742.18—Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) to reflect the proposed renumbering of the toxins in ECCN 1C351.d. Although this rule does not propose to amend ECCN 1E001, if the changes proposed in this rule were to go into effect, ECCN 1E001 would control “technology” for the “development” or “production” of the four marine toxins that would be added to ECCN 1C351.
87 FR 28758
Expansion of Sanctions Against Russian Industry Sectors Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective 5/09/2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) ongoing aggression against Ukraine, the Department of Commerce is expanding the existing sanctions against Russian industry sectors by imposing a license requirement for exports, reexports, or transfers (in-country) to and within Russia for additional items subject to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) identified under specific Schedule B numbers or Harmonized Tariff Schedule codes. The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is taking these actions to further restrict Russia’s ability to withstand the economic impact of the multilateral sanctions, further limit sources of revenue that could support Russia’s military capabilities, and to better align with the European Union’s controls.
87 FR 22130
Expansion of Sanctions Against Russia and Belarus Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective 4/08/2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia) ongoing aggression in Ukraine following its further invasion of the country, as substantially enabled by Belarus, this rule expands license requirements for Russia and Belarus under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to all items on the Commerce Control List (CCL). It also removes license exception eligibility for aircraft registered in, owned or controlled by, or under charter or lease by Belarus or a national of Belarus.
4/12/2022
87 FR 21554
Additions to the List of Countries Excluded from Certain License Requirements under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective 4/08/2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine and to protect U.S. national security and foreign policy interests, the Department of Commerce established highly restrictive license requirements and policies for certain transactions involving Russia and Belarus under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). To recognize partner countries implementing substantially similar export controls on Russia and Belarus, the Department of Commerce published a list of countries excluded from certain U.S. export controls related to foreign-produced items. In this rule, the Department of Commerce adds Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland to the list of excluded countries.
4/11/2022
87 FR 21011
Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List; Correction.
On February 14, 2022 (87 FR 8180), BIS published a final rule that amended the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by revising the Entity List entry for “Huawei Cloud Brazil” (under Brazil) and adding a new entry for “Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.” (under China, People’s Republic of). These correcting amendments revise the “License requirement” column for each of these entities by updating the reference to the foreign direct product (FDP) provisions to read § 734.9(e), instead of § 736.2(b)(3), which was the FDP reference prior to the publication of BIS’s FDP rule on February 3, 2022 (87 FR 6022). These amendments also correct a typographical error, in the “License requirement” column for “Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.” (under China, People’s Republic of), by revising the phrase “except for” to read “EXCEPT2 for”, consistent with the application of Entity List footnote 2 to this entity.
4/07/2022
87 FR 20295
Additions of Entities to the Entity List, effective April 01, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, the Department of Commerce is amending the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding 120 entities under 120 entries to the Entity List. These 120 entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the national security interests or foreign policy of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destinations of Belarus and Russia.
3/16/2022
87 FR 14785
Imposition of Sanctions on ‘Luxury Goods’ Destined for Russia and Belarus and for Russian and Belarusian Oligarchs and Malign Actors Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective March 11, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine, and Belarus’s substantial enabling of Russia’s invasion, the Department of Commerce is imposing restrictions on the export, reexport, or transfer (in-country) to or within Russia or Belarus of ‘luxury goods’ under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and for exports, reexports and transfers (in-country) worldwide to certain Russian or Belarusian oligarchs and other malign actors supporting the Russian or Belarusian governments. Taken together, these new export controls will significantly limit financially elite individuals’ and organizations’ access to luxury goods and thereby accentuate the consequences of providing such support.
3/10/2022
87 FR 13627
Addition to the List of Countries Excluded from Certain License Requirements under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective March 4, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine, and to protect U.S. national security and foreign policy interests, the Department of Commerce has added new and highly restrictive license requirements and policies for certain transactions involving Russia and Belarus under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). In order to recognize partner countries that have committed to implementing substantially similar new export controls on Russia and Belarus in their domestic laws, the Department of Commerce has published a list of countries excluded from portions of these new U.S. export controls. These exclusions apply specifically to certain requirements under the EAR related to foreign-produced items. In this rule, the Department of Commerce adds the Republic of Korea (South Korea) to the list of excluded countries.
3/9/2022
87 FR 13141
Further Imposition of Sanctions Against Russia with the Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List, effective March 3, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, the Department of Commerce is amending the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding 91 new entities to the Entity List under the destinations of Belize, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Malta, Russia, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, and United Kingdom with this final rule. These 91 entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the foreign policy or national security interests of the United States.
BIS notes that this rule is meant to serve as a response to Russian aggression against Ukraine. This rule does include entities in several allied countries, including member of the European Union and North Atlantic Treaty Organization, but is not an action against the countries in which the entities are located or registered or the governments of those countries. This rule only serves as an action against those entities listed, which have assisted the Russian military, contrary to U.S. foreign and national security policy interests.
3/8/2022
87 FR 12856
Expansion of Sanctions Against the Russian Industry Sector Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective March 3, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine, the Department of Commerce is expanding the existing sanctions against the Russian industry sector by adding a new prohibition under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) that targets the oil refinery sector in Russia. These new export controls will further limit revenue that could support the military capabilities of Russia.
3/8/2022
87 FR 13048
Imposition of Sanctions Against Belarus Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective March 2, 2022
In response to Belarus’s substantial enabling of the Russian Federation’s (Russia)’s further invasion of Ukraine, this rule is adding new license requirements and review policies for Belarus to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to render Belarus subject to the same sanctions that were imposed on Russia under the EAR effective February 24, 2022. These new sanctions impose new Commerce Control List (CCL)-based license requirements for Belarus; revise the two foreign “direct product” rules (FDP rules) that are specific to Russia and Russian ‘military end users’ to make them also applicable to Belarus and Belarusian ‘military end users;’ specify a license review policy of denial applicable to all of the license requirements on Belarus that are being added in this rule, with certain limited exceptions; significantly restrict the use of EAR license exceptions; expand the existing ‘military end use’ and ‘military end user’ control scope to include Belarus for all items “subject to the EAR” other than food and medicine designated EAR99; and add two new Belarusian entities to the Entity List as ‘military end users.’ This rule also imposes a license requirement for nuclear nonproliferation items for exports and reexports to Belarus and removes Belarus from Country Group A:4 under the EAR. In addition, for Belarus and Russia, this rule amends the availability of License Exceptions AVS and ENC and includes clarifying guidance on the availability of CCD.
2/24/2022
87 FR 12226
Implementation of Sanctions Against Russia Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), effective February 24, 2022
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) further invasion of Ukraine, with this final rule, the Department of Commerce is adding new Russia license requirements and licensing policies to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to protect U.S. national security and foreign policy interests. These new Russia measures: impose new Commerce Control List (CCL)-based license requirements for Russia; add two new foreign “direct product” rules (FDP rules) specific to Russia and Russian ‘military end users;’ specify a license review policy of denial applicable to all of the license requirements being added in this rule, with certain limited exceptions; significantly restrict the use of EAR license exceptions; expand the existing Russia ‘military end use’ and ‘military end user’ control scope to all items “subject to the EAR” other than food and medicine designated EAR99, or ECCN 5A992.c and 5D992.c unless for Russian “government end users” and Russian state-owned enterprises (SoEs); transfer forty-five Russian entities from the Military End-User (MEU) List to the Entity List with an expanded license requirement of all items subject to the EAR (including foreign-produced items subject to the Russia-MEU FDP rules); and add two new Russia entities and revise two Russia entities to the Entity List. Lastly, this rule imposes comprehensive export, reexport and transfer (in-country) restrictions for the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic (DNR) and Luhansk People’s Republics (LNR) regions of Ukraine (“Covered Regions of Ukraine”) and makes conforming revisions to export, reexport transfer (in-country) restrictions for Crimea Region of Ukraine provisions.
2/14/2022
87 FR 8180
RIN 0694-AI70
Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List
This final rule amends the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding seven entities under seven entries to the Entity List. These seven entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the foreign policy or national security interests of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destinations of the People’s Republic of China (China), Pakistan, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This final rule also modifies four existing entries on the Entity List under the destination of China.
2/10/2022
87 FR 7777
Request for Public Comments on the Section 232 Exclusions Process
The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is seeking public comments regarding the Section 232 Exclusions Process. A Presidential Proclamation (Adjusting Imports of Steel into the United States), published on January 3, 2022, directed the Secretary of Commerce to seek public comment on the Section 232 Exclusions Process, including its responsiveness to market demand and enhanced consultation with U.S. firms and labor organizations.
Revisions to the Unverified List
2/08/2022
87 FR 7037
RIN 0694-AI69
The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is amending the Export Administration Regulations by adding thirty-three (33) persons to the Unverified List (UVL). The thirty-three persons are added to the UVL on the basis that BIS was unable to verify their bona fides because an end-use check could not be completed satisfactorily for reasons outside the U.S. Government’s control. All thirty-three persons added to the UVL in this rule are listed under China.
2/03/2022
87 FR 6022
Foreign-Direct Product Rules: Organization, Clarification, and Correction
This final rule clarifies, reorganizes, and makes minor corrections to the provisions of the foreign-direct product (FDP) rules. Before this final rule, the FDP rules appeared in parts 736 and 744 of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR); now, the rules are consolidated in part 734 of the EAR. These revisions clarify the applicability of the FDP rules and make one correction applicable to the FDP rules as to the term “U.S.-origin technology and software.”
1/12/2022
87 FR 1670
Information Security Controls: Cybersecurity Items; Delay of Effective Date
On October 21, 2021, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) published an interim final rule that establishes new controls on certain cybersecurity items for National Security (NS) and Anti-terrorism (AT) reasons, along with a new License Exception, Authorized Cybersecurity Exports (ACE), that authorizes exports of these items to most destinations except in the circumstances described in that rule. That rule was published with a 45-day comment period, which ended on December 12, 2021, and a 90-day delayed effective date (January 19, 2022). This rule delays the effective date of the interim final rule by 45 days (March 7, 2022). This action does not extend or reopen the comment period for BIS’s previous request for comments on the interim final rule.
1/06/2022
87 FR 729
Export Control Classification Number 0Y521 Series Supplement—Extension of Controls on an Emerging Technology (Software Specially Designed To Automate the Analysis of Geospatial Imagery Classification)
On January 6, 2020, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) amended the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to add Software Specially Designed to Automate the Analysis of Geospatial Imagery to the 0Y521 Temporary Export Control Classification Numbers (ECCN) Series as 0D521. BIS first extended controls on this emerging technology for a second year pursuant to the 0Y521 series extension procedures on January 6, 2021, and in this action extends these controls a second time for an additional year for a total of three years of this control since it was added to the EAR on January 6, 2020.
In response to the Russian Federation’s (Russia) ongoing aggression in Ukraine following its further invasion of the country, as substantially enabled by Belarus, this rule expands license requirements for Russia and Belarus under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to all items on the Commerce Control List (CCL). It also removes license exception eligibility for aircraft registered in, owned or controlled by, or under charter or lease by Belarus or a national of Belarus.